DHCP Server Configuration

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• DHCP server must be:
  • allocated a static IP address
  • configured with a range of IP addresses and subnet masks plus option values to allocate
• a scope is a range of IP addresses and options configured for a single subnet
  • to define, provide a start and end IP address along with a subnet mask
  • server maintains one-to-one mapping of scopes to subnets
  • no scope can cover more than one subnet
  • no subnet can contain more than one scope
• DHCP server must be in the same subnet as its clients
• advanced DHCP servers can be configured to manage multiple scopes
• where a server provides IP configuration for multiple subnets/scopes,
  • it must choose the pool to service each request based on the subnet from which the request originated

Info

• no mechanism for a client to choose between multiple servers
  • so, if multiple DHCP servers are deployed (i.e., for fault tolerance)
    • they must be configured with non-overlapping split scopes
    • or use a failover mechanism
• DHCP for multiple subnets is usually handled by configuring relay agents to forward request to a central DHCP server